Car window



R. E. MILLER CAR WINDOW July 10, 1934.

Filed Sept. 14. 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet l 0000000OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOQOOOO OO OQOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOO0OOOOOOOOOObOOOo .O OOO waP zol

l IN VEN TOR:

Emeril'. Mille]- y July 1o, 1934. R E, MILLER 1,965,902

CAR WINDOW Filed Sept. l14. 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 WITNESSES: INVENTOR: yfbar/EZMZMJ;

R. E. MILLER July 10, 1934.

CAR WINDOW .4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 14. 1952 INVENTOR: W1 TN HobartE. MIMI; l 866W? fw om ATTORNEYS.

R. E. MILLER i CAR wINDow July l0, 1934.

4 sheets-sheet 4 Filed sept. l14. 19:52

INVENTOR: )b/"E WIJ/8f;

K ATTORNEYS.

Patented July 10, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 18 Claims.

This inventionA relates to railway car windows; and it is concerned moreparticularly with windows for metallic passenger coaches.

In the construction of metallic railway cars,

the walls are made hollow with inner and outer sheathing plates securedto roof supporting'. posts along opposite sides of the car body; andopenings are'provided in the side walls into which the windows aresubsequently placed. Heretofore it has been customary to nt the framesof the windows piece by piece into the openings provided for them in thecar body. Such individual fitting of metallic parts was tedious andslow, as well as costly from the standpoint of the labor involved; andit frequently happened that, due to inaccuracies in fitting, the frameswould not be perfectly rectangular and therefore interfered with freemovement of the sashes. Windows imperfectly constructed under theconditions noted were, moreover diflicult to make weathertight.

Considered from the broadest aspect, my invention is directed towardovercoming the drawbacks whereto reference has been made, whichdesideratum I make possible of realization in practice through provisionof a sliding sash window characterized by a pre-assembled rigid frame,which, for convenience of nomenclature, I term an adapter frame, thesame being designed for insertion into the window opening of the carbody with its head rail underlapping the top edge of the opening and itsbottom rail resting on the sill edge of the opening, and having outwardattaching flanges on its jam-b rails to marginally overlap the sideedges of the window.

Other objects and attendant advantages will be manifest from thedetailed description following in connection with the attached drawings,wherein Fig. I is a fragmentary view showing, in part, the sideelevation of a railway passenger car body equipped with windowsconstructed in accordance with my invention, one of the window openingshaving been left unframed.

Fig. II is a fragmentary detail sectional view drawn to a larger scale,and taken as indicated by the arrows II-II in Fig. I crosswise of theunframed window opening.

Fig. III is a view similar to Fig. II, but taken -crosswise of one ofthe completed windows, as

indicated by the arrows III-III in Fig. I.

Fig. IV is a vertical sectional view taken as indicated by the arrowsIV-IV in Fig. I, through the unframed window opening of the car body.

Fig. V is a view like Fig. IV taken as indicated by the arrows V-V inFig. I, through a completed window.V

Fig. VI shows a perspective view of the adapter frame of my improvedwindow.

Figs. VII, VIII and IX are views corresponding respectively to Figs. II,III and V, showing a double sash car window embodying my invention; and

Fig. X is a perspective view of the adapter frame of the double sashwindow.

Referring first to Figs. I-V wherein I have illustrated a single sashwindow structure embodying the present invention, the car body thereinshown for the purposes of exemplication is of steel construction andformed in its hollow sides with horizontally aligned window openings l0whereof one is left unframed in Figs. I, II and 70 IV. As shown, thesewindow openings 10 are set apart between channel section roof supportingposts 11 and 12 concealed in the hollows of each side wall of the carbody, the wider posts of the type 11 alternating with the narrower postsof 75 the type 12. To the frontal face of each post 11 is secured avertical outer sheathing plate 13 which has substantial projectionbeyond opposite sides of the posts; and to the lateral anges 14 of saidpost is secured the vertical inner sheathing plate 15. From Fig. II itwill be noted that the posts 12 are reversely positioned with regard tothe posts 11, and each has a vertical outer sheathing plate 16 securedto its lateral flanges 17. At the bottom of each window opening 10 thereis incorporated with the side wall of the car body, a sill supportingmember 18 of hollow channel section having a relatively deep dependingfrontal flange 19 which marginally overlaps the outer sheathing panel20, see Fig. IV. As shown, the sill supporting member 18 has a bevel 21corresponding to the top slope of a supplemental sill rail 22 whichextends the full length of the car body and which is secured by meansyof rivets 23. A short depending ange 24 along the rear edge of the sillsupporting member 18 is overlapped by the lower horizontal innersheathing panel 25 of the car body and secured by rivets 26 which alsoserve to secure a cover angle strip27. 'I'he upper horizontal outsidesheathing or eave plate 100 28 above the window openings 10 is outwardlyjoggled along its lower edge with formation of a square cap bead 29which, like the sill bar 22, extends the full length of the car body.

Coming now to my improved single sash win- 105 dow structure, the samewill be observed to comprise an adapter frame 30 which is illustrated inperspective in Fig. VI. As shown, the head rail 31 of this adapter frame30 is of L cross section,

with a forwardly directed horizontal fiange 31a 110 and an upwardvertical flange 315, the opposite ends of said head rail abutting thejamb rails 32 whereof the top ends are L-notched as at 33 to vcorrespond to the cross sectional configuration of said head rail.Referring to Figs. III and VI, the jamb rails 32 of the adapter frame 30are of l'section with outward attaching flanges 32a at right angles tothe median webs 32b and with inward sash guiding flanges 32e at an acuteangle to said median webs. The bottornr rail 34 of the 4adapter frame 30is of right angle section with a comparatively deep horizontal flange34a and a shorter frontal flange 34h which depends from said horizontal`flange; and, like the top rail 31, said bottom rail has its endsabutting the jamb rails 32. Both the head and bottom rails 3l and 34 ofthe adapter frame 30 are narrower as regards depth than the side or jambrails 32; and '1t is to be particularly noted that the horizontal flange31a of the head rail is flush with the attaching flanges 32a of the jambrails 32 at the front of the frame; while at the rear of the frame, theedge of the horizontal flange 34a of the bottom rail 34 is flush withthe edges of the median webs 3212' of the jamb rails, the describedrelationship being best illustrated in Figs. III and V. The head andbottom rails 31 and 34 of the adapter frame are thus disposed in spacedvertical planes for a reason which Will be obvious from furtherdescription. The parts constituting the adapter frame may be riveted oneto another; but, for the sake of permanent rigidity, I prefer to weldthem together at the regions of mutual abutment.

As a means to support adjunctive parts of the Window, I have provided ineach instance brackets, such as shown at 35 and 36, pairs of which aresecuredby rivets or bolts respectively to opposite sides of the posts 11and 12 within the window openings 10, said brackets having theiropposing faces correspondingly stepped respectively as at 37, 38 and 39.

In placin'g an adapter frame 30 into one of the window openings 10 ofthe car body, the top rail 31 ofA such frame is hooked in under theinward flange 29a of the cap bead 29 on the eave plate 28 as indicatedin dot and dash lines in Fig. IV, and the frame thereupon swung inwarduntil the lateral attaching flanges 32a of its jamb rails 32 engage thevertical sheathing plates 13, 16 respectively on to the posts l1 and 12.With this accomplished, the adapter frame 30 is allowedy to drop so thatthe depending flange 34h of its bottom rail 34 rests evenly on the bevel21 of the sill supporting member 18, whereupon the'frame is secured bymeans of screws 35a and 36a which take into the faces 3'7 of thebrackets 35 and 36. To further secure the adapter frame 30, rivets 13aand 16a are passed through the attaching flanges 32a of the jamb rails32 and the overlapped margins of the vertical outer sheathing plates 13,16. Incidentally, ,caulking material is interposed between the inwardflange 29a of the cave plate 28-and the horizontal flange 31a of the toprail 31 of the adapter frame 30 as conventionally indicated at 40 inFig. V, and between the attaching fianges 32a of the jamb rails 32 andthe outer vertical sheathing plates 13, 16 as at 41 in Fig. III, toinsure weather-tightness at these regions. When necessary for the properregistry between preallocated rivet holes in the plates 13 and 16 andthe attaching flanges 32e of the adapter frame jamb rails 32, shims arejamb rails as indicated by the heavy lines at S, S' in Fig. III.

With the adapter frame 30 now permanently secured, a sill bar 42 of woodis placed and made fast with screws 43 and 44 (Fig. V) to the sillsupporting member 18 and the bottom rail 34 of said adapter frame. Afinishing molding strip 45 (Fig. III) of angle cross section is nextsecured to the faces 38 and 39 of the brackets 35 on the post 11, bymeans of screws 46, said molding being so shaped cross sectionally andproportioned as to hide the rivets whereby the vertical inner sheathingplate 15 is fastened to the post. At the opposite side of the windowopening 10, a box molding 47 is placed .ovei thepost 12 as shown in Fig.III and is secured to the faces 38 and 39 of the brackets 36 at oppositesides of such post by means of screws 48. To accommodate a rollercurtain 50 (Fig. V) for the window, a housing 5l of sheet metal isinserted into the hollow of the side wall of the car. body above thewindow opening. After this, the sash shown at 52 in Figs. III and V isintroduced from the inside of 'the car in such manner that its top edgeis engaged between the head rail 31 of the adapter frame 30 and anopposing hollow flange 53 formed on the curtain housing 51, said flange53 being surfaced with weathering material 54. Guide strips 55 for thesash 52 are next secured to the brackets 35, 36 on the posts 11 and 12over the sides of the moldings 45, 47 by means of screws 56, said guidestrips, it will be noted, being of irregular cross section withformation of opposing flanges 57 to cooperate with the inward guideflanges 32e of the jamb rails 32 or" the adapter frame 30 in retainingthe sash. A groove of definite width for guidance of the sash 52 isdetermined through engagement of shoulders 58 of the guide strips 55with the inner edges of the median webs 32h of the jamb rails 32 of theadapter frame 30. The channels 59 in the guide strips 55 serve for thefollowers 60 attached to the lower edge of the curtain 50. The window isfinished at the top by inter-connecting moldings 61, 62 (Fig. V), thefirst of which covers the access opening into the curtain roller housing51 while the secondhides the housing 51 as well as the longitudinalangle 63 secured to the top inside sheathing plate 64 of the car body.The window sash frame 52 is in ythis instance constructed from metal,and as shown in Fig. V, it is provided along its bottom with a downwardfrontal tongue projection 65 to overlap the bottom rail 34 of theadapter frame 30. Spring weather strips 67, 66 are secured to the sideand bottom edges of the sash 52 to insure weather- '70, and the brackets135 and 136 on the car body posts 111 and 112 whereto said frame issecured by screws 13511 and 136a, are somewhat dierently fashioned inview of this change, as will be apparent by comparison of Figs. VIII andX with Figs. III and VI. As shown in Figs. IX and X, the head rail 131of the adapter frame interposed between the side flanges 325 pf said.130 iS made double, i. e., composed of two spaced reversely arrangedcomponents '71 and 131, both of irregular L-cross section withoppositely directed horizontal anges '71a and 131a, and up- -wardfianges '71b and 131b, and with longitudinal recesses '73, 133 at theregions of the junctures between said horizontal and vertical fianges.Also as in the rst embodiment, the jamb rails 132 are of irregularT-cross section with oppositely directed lateral flanges 132a to lap theface plates 113 and 116 on the posts 111, 112 of the car body, and withinward flanges 132e for engagement by the outer sash '70. The bottom orsill rail 134 of adapter frame 130, in` this instance, cornpletelycovers the top of the sill supporting member 118 of the window opening110 and is cross sectionally configured in conformity with the latter(see Fig. IX), the bevel at 121 being considerably broader than thebevel 21 in Figs. IV and V, so that the corresponding drain bevel 134.1:of the rail 134 may serve for both the sashes 70 and 152. Also, as shownin Fig. IX, the forward I edge of the sill rail 134 of the frame 13 0slightly overlaps the juncture plane between the vertical face of thesill member 118 and the abutting face of the external wooden sill bar122. At 1341/, the rail 134 of the frame 130 is formed with an upwardflange which is overlapped by the inner sash 152 when the latter is inthe closed position of Fig. IX, and which, with the horizontal portion134e of the said rail, forms a seat for the wooden finishing sill strip142 interiorly of the car. Hollow square section parting strips '75 and155 suitably secured to the in-sides of the jamb rails 132 of theadapter frame 130 (see Fig. VIII), in conjunction with the inwardflanges 132e of said jamb rails, define vertical channels forv guidanceof the sashes '70 and 152.

For assurance of air-tightness at the sides, the outer sash '70 isprovided, see Fig. VIII, with exible metal weathering strips .'76 whichare similar to the weathering strips 67 of Fig. III, and which'stripshave their free edges bent outwardly to engage vertical grooves '7'7 inthe inward flanges 132e ofthe jamb rails 132 of the adapter frame 130;while the weathering strips 1'76 on the inner sash 152 bear against theparting strips 155. At their tops, the sashes '70 and 152 are fittedwith folded weather strips '78 and 154 whereof the extended loopedportions lap the sloping portions of the head rail components '71 and131 of the adapter frame 130 occasioned by the recessing at '73 and 133as shown in Fig. IX. The bottom of the outer sash '70 has a yieldingweathering strip '79 of rubber or the like which is adapted to bearagainst the sill rail 134 of the adapter frame 130, and which is formedwith an outward flap '79a capable of shedding rainwater. The weatheringstrip 166 at the bottom of the inner sash 152 is like the strip '79except for omission of a flap.

The followers 160 for the curtain or shade 150 are in this instanceguided in grooves afforded by angle flanges '75a of the parting strips'75 (see Figs. VIII and IX) and the curtain roller is concealed withinthe hollow of -a finishing molding 162 which closely resembles themolding 62 of Fig. V.

In the case of the double sash window construction, it will be notedthat the upward flange 13117 of the head rail 131k of the adapted frame130,

is secured to the face plate 128 of the car body by rivets 128a, whereasthe side flanges 132a, of the jamb rails'132 are left unattached,although if desired, they may be riveted fast like the flanges 32a ofthe iirst described embodiment.

In order to avoid repetitive description, the

parts not specifically referred to in connection with Figs. VII-X havebeen identified by numerals higher in each case by a hundred than thoseused to designate corresponding parts in the first described single sashwindow embodiment of my invention.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the double sash window form ofmy invention embodies the same structural characteristics which arenovel to the first described single sash form, and which favor theattainment of the several advantages pointed out in the introductoryportionof this specification.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In combination, a car body having a hollow side wall and spaced postswithin said side wall setting apart a window opening therein; fixedbrackets`projecting from the sides of the posts within the windowopening; and a window comprising a pre-formed rigid adapter framefitting the opening in the car body, said frame having its jamb railssecured to the brackets aforesaid, and oppositely-directed lateralfianges on its jamb rails lapping the side edges of the window openingexteriorly of the car body; and a sash within the adapter frame.

2. In combination, a car body having a hollow side wall and spaced postswithin said side wall setting apart a window opening thereon; fixedbrackets projecting 'from the sides of the posts within the windowopening; and a window comprising a pre-formed rigid adapter framefitting the opening in the car body, said frame having its jamb railssecured to the brackets aforesaid, and oppositely-directed lateralfianges on the jamb rails lapping and secured to the side edges of thewindow opening exteriorly of the car body; and a sash .within theadapter frame.

3. In combination, a car body having a hollow side wall, and spacedposts within said side wall setting apart a window opening therein; xedbrackets projecting from the sides of the posts within the windowopening; and a window comprising a pre-formed rigid adapter framefitting the opening in the car body, said frame having its head railunderlapping the top edge of the window opening, its bottom rail restingon the sill edge of the window opening, and its jamb rails secured tothe brackets within the window opening, and oppositely-directed lateralflanges on the jamb rails lapping the side edges of the window openingexteriorly of the car body; and a sash within the adapter frame.

4. In combination, a metallic car body having a hollow side wall andspaced posts in said side wall to form opposite sides of a windowopening; and a window comprising a rigid pre-formed adapter framefitting the window opening with its head rail underlapping the top edgeof said opening, its bottom rail supported on the sill edge of theopening, and oppositely-directed fianges on its jamb rails marginallyoverlapping the side edges of the opening exteriorly of the car body;fixed brackets extending from the sides of the posts within the windowopening whereto the jamb rails of the adapter frame are secured; covermolding finishing off the adapter frame at the inside of the car bodyalso secured to the brackets aforesaid; and a sash within the adapterframe.

5. In combination, a metallic car body having hollow side wall and postsin said side wall to form opposite sides of a window opening; and awindow comprising a .rigid pre-formed adapter frame iitting the windowopening, said frame having its head rail underlapping the top edge ofthe window opening, its bottom rail supported on the sill edge of thewindow opening. and outward attaching flanges on its jamb railsmarginally overlapping the side edges of the opening exteriorly of thecar body; brackets on the posts aforesaid; and a sash slidable in agroove afforded jointly by inward flanges on the adapter frame andopposing parting strips separately secured to the brackets aforesaid.

6. In combination, a car body having a rectangular opening in thesheathing of its side wall and a portion of such sheathing extending inward at the bottom of said opening to form a beveled sill; and a windowcomprising a preformed rigid adapter frame fitting the window opening,said frame having an L-section "head rail engaging upwardly intor thehollow of the side wall with its horizontal flange underlapping aninwardly directed flange, a cap bead formed in the sheathingalong theupper edge of the window opening, jamb rails of T-section withoppositelydirected lateral flanges overlapping the side edges of thewindow opening exteriorly of the car body and with angularly andinwardly directed sash guiding flanges, and an angle section bottom railwith a horizontal flange and a depending ange adapted to rest on thebevel of the sill aforesaid; and a sliding sash bearing against theguide flanges of the adapter frame and having a depending portion alongits lower edge overlapping the bottom rail of said adapter frame.

7. A window for metallic car bodies with hollow side walls, comprising apair of sliding sashes; and a rigid pre-formed adapter frame withintegrally-connected top bottom and side rails, adapted for insertionwith a close fit into a. conformative opening provided for its receptionin the car body with its head rail engaging upward into the hollow ofthe side wall above the top edge of the window, its bottom rail restingon the sill edge of the window opening, and oppositely-directed lateralanges on its side rails overlapping the side edges of the'window openingexteriorly of the car body; and parting strips secured to the jamb railswithin the adapter frame affording, in conjunction with inward angularlydirected anges of said jamb rails, vertical grooves for guidance of thetwo sliding sashes aforesaid.

8. A window for metallic car bodies with hollow side walls, comprising apair of sliding sashes; and a rigid pre-formed adapter frame fitting anopening provided for its reception Vin the car body with its head railengaging upwardly into the hollow of the side wall above the top edge ofthe window, its bottomV rail resting on the sill edge of the Windowopening, and oppositely-directed lateral anges on its side railsoverlapping the side edges of the window opening exteriorly of the carbody; and parting strips secured to the jamb rails within the adapterframe affording, in conjunction with inward angularly directed flangesof said jamb rails, vertical grooves for guidance of the two slidingsashes aforesaid, and projecting weather strips on the top edges of thesliding sashes adapted to engage sloping shoulders on spaced barcomponents constituting the head rail of the adapter frame.

9. As a new article of manufacture, a preformed integral adapter framefor metallic windows characterized by a head rail; a 4sill rail; and onepiece jamb rails of T-section, with outwardly directed lateral lapangesand angularly i,ees,9o2 n -directed inward sash guiding flanges,rigidly connecting the aforesaid head and sill rails.

10. As a new article of manufacture, a preformed integral adapter framefor metallic Windows characterized by a one piece head rail of angularsection with an upright flange and a forwardly directed horizontal ange;a one piece sill rail of angle section with a horizontal flange and adepending frontal ange; and one piece jamb-rails of T-section, withoutwardly-directed lateral lap flanges and angularly directed inwardsash guiding flanges, rigidly connecting the aforesaid head and sillrails.

11. As a new article of manufacture, an adapter frame for metallicwindows characterized by a head rail vertically open between spacedreversely-arranged component one piece bars of irregular L-section; asloped sill rail; and one piece jarnb rails of irregular T-section withoutwardly directed lateral lap anges and angularly directedv inward sashguiding flanges, rigidly connecting theaforesaid head and sill rails.

l2. A window for metallic car bodies with hollow side walls, comprisinga preformed rigid adapter frame having integrally-connected top, bottomand side rails and adapted for insertion with a snug 'lt into an openingprovided' for its reception in the side wall of the Icar body with litstop rail engaging upward into the hollow of the side wall above the topedge of the window opening and with oppositely-directed lateral anges onits side rails marginally lapping the con- `tiguous edges of the windowopening exteriorly vided for its reception vin the side wall of the carbody with its head railengaging upward into the hollow of the side wallabove the top edge of the window opening, its bottom rail resting on thesill of the opening, and oppositely-directed lateral flanges on its siderails marginally lapping the contiguous edges of the window opening exteriorly of the car body; and provisions for retaining a sash within saidframe.

14. A windowfor metallic-car bodies with hollow side walls, comprising apreformed rigid adapted frame with integrally-connected top, bottom andside rails, and adapted for insertion with a snug t into a conformativeopening provided for its reception in the side wall of the car body withits top rail engaging upward into the hollow of the side wall above thetop edge of the window opening and with oppositelyV-directed lateralilanges on its side rails marginally overlapping the side edges of thewindow opening exteriorly o the car body; means securing the head railand the side rail flanges of the frame to the car body;

ist

and provisions for retaining a sash within the frame.

l5. In combination, a metallic car body having a hollow side wall andspaced posts in said side wall to form opposite sides of a windowopening; and a window comprising a rigid preformed adapter frame ttingthe window opening with its head rail engaging upward into the hollow ofthe side wall above the top edge of said opening, and its bottom railsupported on the sill edge of the opening; xed brackets extending fromthe sides of vthe posts within the window opening whereto the jamb railsof the adapter sash within the adapter frame.

16. The combination with a metallic car body having a hollow side wallwith a window opening through the same, and horizontally. spaced postsin said side wall set back with respect to the edges of the opening atopposite sides of the latter, of vertically spaced brackets on the postsextending toward the edges of the opening, and'a rigid rectangularsash-fitted adapter frame set into the opening and fastened through itsjamb members to said brackets.

17. The combination with a' metallic car body having a hollow side wallwith a window opening through the same, and horizontally spaced posts insaid side wall set back with respect to the edges of the opening atopposite sides of the latter, of vertically spaced brackets on the postsextending toward the edges of the opening, and a rigid rectangularsash-fitted adapter frame set into the opening and fastened through itsjamb members to said brackets, said frame resting on the lower edge ofthe opening with a portion of the top of the frame projecting outwardlybeneath the upper edge of the opening.

18. 'I'he combination with a metallic car body having a hollow side wallwith a Window opening through the same, and horizontally spaced posts insaid side wall set back with respect to the edges of the opening atopposite sides of the latter, of vertically spaced brackets on the postsextending toward the edges of the opening, and a rigid rectangularsash-fitted adapter frame set into the opening and fastened through itsjamb members to said brackets, said frame resting on the lower edge ofthe opening witlra portion of the top of the frame projecting outwardlybeneath the upper edge of the opening and with another portion of thetop of the frame projecting upwardly and outwardly behind said upperedge to form an inclined header.

ROBERT E. MILLER.

